ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To establish the prevalence of congenital malformations diagnosed in Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit of Hospital de San José, Bogotá-Colombia and comparing them to national and international reports. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective, descriptive observational where the quantification of all malformed fetuses diagnosed in Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit from June 2010 to June 2013 was performed. RESULTS: 236 malformed fetuses, a total of 11,914 births, for a prevalence of 1.98% were included at a mean gestational age at diagnosis of 26.7 weeks (SD 7.1 weeks). The most common congenital malformations were at the level of Central Nervous System (CNS) 88 (37%) in total and within them, the most prevalent was ventriculomegaly 16 (7%). Of the 236 malformed fetuses, 165 fetuses (70.2%) had only one affected system 29 (12.3%) 2 compromised systems and 42 (17.5%) over 3 affected systems. Karyotyping was offered to all antenatal patients, however, accepted only 63 (26.7%), and 39 (62%) with normal results and the other aneuploidies were found, having Trisomy 21 as the most common. It was possible to establish a concordance of 86% between the antenatal and postnatal diagnosis. The perinatal mortality found in this study was 34.7%, mainly in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia 16 cases (88.8%), fetal non-immune hydrops 8 cases (80%), cardiovascular abnormalities 31 cases (46.2%) genitourinary and 13 cases (24%), and fetuses with CNS malformations such as sequence acranea-anencefalia, holoprosencephaly and encephalocele mortality occurred in 100%. CONCLUSION: In this study the prevalence of congenital anomalies was found comparable to that reported at local and global levels, which were diagnosed and adequately characterized by more than two-thirds by obstetrical ultrasound performed by trained personnel in prenatal diagnosis. Perinatal morbidity and mortality remain high thoracic, cardiovascular, renal and non-immune hydrops congenital anomalies.
Subject(s)
Congenital Abnormalities/epidemiology , Perinatal Mortality , Prenatal Diagnosis/methods , Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods , Colombia/epidemiology , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Karyotyping , Pregnancy , Prevalence , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Introducción: La pérdida gestacional recurrente (PGR) es una patología frecuente, que causa gran impacto en las parejas conllevando frustración, ansiedad, depresión, gastos excesivos y hasta rupturas de la relación de pareja. Su etiología es multicausal y frecuentemente no se logra determinar . Se presenta el caso de una paciente con PGR quien luego de seis pérdidas gestacionales, en el séptimo embarazo se detectaron anticuerpos antifosfolípidos altos, recibiendo tratamiento de tromboprofilaxis doble hasta la semana 32, obteniéndose un producto pretérmino vivo y sano que evolucionó satisfactoriamente. Se discuten dificultades para la precisión diagnóstica y las modalidades de tratamiento descritos. [Salazar HA, Lancheros EA, Becerra CH. Uso de heparina de bajo peso molecular y aspirina en una paciente con síndrome antifosfolípido y pér-dida gestacional recurrente. MedUNAB 201 1;14(3):188-192].
Recurrent pregnancy lost (RPL) is a common condition that causes great impact on partners leading frustration, anxiety , depression, excessive spending and even breaks in the relationship. Its etiology is multifactorial and often can not be determined. This paper describes a case of a patient who after six RPL losses, in the seventh pregnancy is detected high positive antiphospholipid antibodies. She receive thromboprophylaxis twice a week until 32 weeks of gestational age, produced an healthy preterm newborn with a good prognosis. We discuss difficulties in the diagnostic accuracy and treatment modalities described. [Salazar HA, Lancheros EA, Becerra CH. Use of low molecular weight heparin and aspirin in a patient with antiphospholipidsyndrome and recurrent pregnancy loss. MedUNAB 2011;14(3):188-192].
Subject(s)
Humans , Abortion, Habitual , Aspirin , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight , Embryo Loss , Antiphospholipid Syndrome , Fetal Death , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/complications , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/immunologyABSTRACT
La terapia de la risa hoy en día es utilizada en diversas clínicas y hospitales del mundo como medida coadyuvante en pro del bienestar físico, psicológico, social y emocional de los pacientes. En nuestro país es un tema que poco se conoce y por lo cual es de suma importancia dar a conocer en el ámbito nacional los múltiples beneficios que genera en la salud de las personas. El payaso hospitalario, como protagonista principal, ejerce una importante labor y a través de él se busca lograr una relación armoniosa con el paciente, con el objetivo de mejorar su percepción de la enfermedad, lograr una adecuada adaptación hospitalaria, disminuir los niveles de ansiedad y generar un bienestar global. En Bucaramanga existe la Fundación Corazón en Parches, que se ha encargado de llevar un mensaje de amor y compasión a los pacientes hospitalizados, en especial en edad pediátrica, aplicando la risoterapia a cabalidad, recordando que lo más importante no es curar una enfermedad sino tratar a un paciente que tiene una enfermedad, implementando una visión holística.
Laughter therapy is now used in many hospitals and clinics worldwide as adjunctive measure in favor of physical, psychological, social and emotional development of patients. Our country is a topic that little is known and therefore it is of utmost importance to share national generates multiple benefits in human health. The hospital clown as the main character has an important work and through it seeks to achieve a harmonious relationship with the patient, with the aim of improving their perception of the disease, hospital achieve adequate adaptation, lower levels of anxiety and generate as such a global welfare. In Bucaramanga exists Fundación Corazón en Parches, who have managed to bring a message of love and compassion to hospitalized patients, especially pediatric patients, using the fully laughter therapy, and recalling the most important thing is not to cure a disease but treating a patient having a disease by implementing a holistic view.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anxiety , Stress, Psychological , Pediatrics , Laughter Therapy , Complementary TherapiesABSTRACT
El síndrome de Werdnig-Hoffmann o atrofia muscular espinal (AME) de la infancia es una enfermedad de patrón autosómico recesivo de origen neuromuscular y degenerativo, poco prevalente en la población general, y que se caracteriza por la destrucción de las neuronas motoras del asta anterior de la médula espinal debido a alteraciones cromosómicas. La enfermedad no tiene tratamiento, es de mal pronóstico y, por lo general, culmina con la muerte del menor en los primeros años de vida por dificultad respiratoria, infecciones respiratorias o ambas. En el presente artículo se describe un caso de la enfermedad que se pone en evidencia con el árbol genealógico en el que se encuentra el patrón de herencia de la enfermedad, además de los síntomas y signos que la caracterizan. [Martínez SC, Lancheros EA, Rodríguez JC. Síndrome de Werdnig-Hoffmann (atrofia muscular espinal de la infancia). Presentación de un caso y revisión en la literatura. MedUNAB 2010; 13:116-122].
Werdnig-Hoffmann Syndrome or Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) of childhood is a disease of autosomal recessive neuromuscular and degenerative origin, some prevalent in the general population, characterized by motor neurons destruction in anterior spinal cord due to chromosomal abnormalities. The disease has no treatment, had poor prognosis, and usually ends in child death in her/his first years of life caused by respiratory distress, respiratory infection, or both. This paper describes a case of SMA with and evident pedigree with a tipical inheritance pattern, and symptoms and signs that characterize this entity. [Martínez SC, Lancheros EA, Rodríguez JC. Werdnig-Hoffmann Syndrome (Spinal Muscular Atrophy). Case report and review. MedUNAB 2010; 13:116-122].
